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Every chromosome is made up of deoxyribonucleic acid, or commonly
called DNA (for short). The DNA is a double stranded helix which is
composed of five-carbon sugar and nitrogenous bases. DNA has four bases: adenine
(A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). Adenine will pair up
with thymine and cytosine will pair up will guanine (see Close-up
of Gene ). Depending on the order
that these pairs line up along the DNA strand, instructions can be given
for certain proteins to be produced. A gene
is a set of information which codes for certain proteins.
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